# How should KC\_DB\_URL be formatted for Postgres? **URL:** \ **Category:** Configuring the server\ **Created:** [November 27, 2022, 4:25am UTC](https://forum.keycloak.org/t/how-should-kc-db-url-be-formatted-for-postgres/18626 "2022-11-27T04:25:44Z")\ **Posts on this page:** 5\ **Page:** 1
**Author:** ![saulgudmon](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/free1/user_avatar/forum.keycloak.org/saulgudmon/32/7097_2.png) [@saulgudmon](https://forum.keycloak.org/u/saulgudmon)\ **Post date:** [November 27, 2022, 4:25am UTC](https://forum.keycloak.org/t/how-should-kc-db-url-be-formatted-for-postgres/18626/1 "2022-11-27T04:25:45Z")
I have been attempting to follow the guide at [https://computingforgeeks.com/run-keycloak-server-in-docker/](https://computingforgeeks.com/run-keycloak-server-in-docker/) which takes the info in [“running Keycloak in a container”](https://www.keycloak.org/server/containers) and tries to turn it into a step by step process from scratch I get the postgres container running without any problem: ```shell docker run --name db --net keycloak-network -e POSTGRES_USER= -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD= -e POSTGRES_DB=keycloakdb -d docker.io/library/postgres:latest ``` ![](https://global.discourse-cdn.com/free1/uploads/keycloak/original/2X/8/80695c8eac5c277aff3222e1a4c4d10c7ba4ac83.png) I am unable to run a docker container from the Keycloak image built with this compose file: ```yaml FROM quay.io/keycloak/keycloak:latest as builder ENV KC_HEALTH_ENABLED=true ENV KC_METRICS_ENABLED=true ENV KC_FEATURES=token-exchange ENV KC_DB=postgres # Install custom providers RUN curl -sL https://github.com/aerogear/keycloak-metrics-spi/releases/download/2.5.3/keycloak-metrics-spi-2.5.3.jar -o /opt/keycloak/providers/keycloak-metrics-spi-2.5.3.jar RUN /opt/keycloak/bin/kc.sh build FROM quay.io/keycloak/keycloak:latest COPY --from=builder /opt/keycloak/ /opt/keycloak/ WORKDIR /opt/keycloak # For demonstration purposes only, please make sure to use proper certificates in production instead RUN keytool -genkeypair -storepass password -storetype PKCS12 -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -dname "CN=server" -alias server -ext "SAN:c=DNS:localhost,IP:127.0.0.1" -keystore conf/server.keystore # Change these values to point to a running postgres instance ENV KC_DB_URL=jdbc:postgresql://db/keycloakdb ENV KC_DB_USERNAME= ENV KC_DB_PASSWORD= ENV KC_HOSTNAME=localhost ENTRYPOINT ["/opt/keycloak/bin/kc.sh", "start"] ``` the image builds ok but when I try to run it the container exits with the output shown at the end of the post, indicating that it does not like the formatting I used for `KC_DB_URL`. I tried over and over using all of these different strings: - `jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1/keycloakdb` - `jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1/db/keycloakdb` - `jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/keycloakdb` - `jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/db/keycloakdb` - `jdbc:postgresql://localhost/keycloakdb` - `jdbc:postgresql://localhost/db/keycloakdb` - `jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/keycloakdb` - `jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/db/keycloakdb` all have produced similar errors with the Keycloak container exiting ```shell docker run -it --attach STDOUT --name keycloak --net keycloak-network -p 8443:8443 -e KEYCLOAK_ADMIN= -e KEYCLOAK_ADMIN_PASSWORD= keycloak_image ``` **Output:** ```auto Changes detected in configuration. Updating the server image. Updating the configuration and installing your custom providers, if any. Please wait. 2022-11-27 04:03:43,171 WARN [org.keycloak.services] (build-4) KC-SERVICES0047: metrics (org.jboss.aerogear.keycloak.metrics.MetricsEndpointFactory) is implementing the internal SPI realm-restapi-extension. This SPI is internal and may change without notice 2022-11-27 04:03:47,247 WARN [org.keycloak.services] (build-4) KC-SERVICES0047: metrics-listener (org.jboss.aerogear.keycloak.metrics.MetricsEventListenerFactory) is implementing the internal SPI eventsListener. This SPI is internal and may change without notice 2022-11-27 04:04:15,677 INFO [io.quarkus.deployment.QuarkusAugmentor] (main) Quarkus augmentation completed in 42144ms Server configuration updated and persisted. Run the following command to review the configuration: kc.sh show-config Next time you run the server, just run: kc.sh start --optimized 2022-11-27 04:04:25,071 INFO [org.keycloak.quarkus.runtime.hostname.DefaultHostnameProvider] (main) Hostname settings: Base URL: , Hostname: localhost, Strict HTTPS: true, Path: , Strict BackChannel: false, Admin URL: , Admin: , Port: -1, Proxied: false 2022-11-27 04:04:32,295 WARN [io.quarkus.agroal.runtime.DataSources] (main) Datasource enables XA but transaction recovery is not enabled. Please enable transaction recovery by setting quarkus.transaction-manager.enable-recovery=true, otherwise data may be lost if the application is terminated abruptly 2022-11-27 04:04:33,671 WARN [io.agroal.pool] (agroal-11) Datasource '': URL format error; must be "jdbc:h2:{ {.|mem:}[name] | [file:]fileName | {tcp|ssl}:[//]server[:port][,server2[:port]]/name }[;key=value...]" but is "jdbc:postgresql://db/keycloakdb" [90046-214] 2022-11-27 04:04:33,675 WARN [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator] (JPA Startup Thread: keycloak-default) HHH000342: Could not obtain connection to query metadata: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLNonTransientConnectionException: URL format error; must be "jdbc:h2:{ {.|mem:}[name] | [file:]fileName | {tcp|ssl}:[//]server[:port][,server2[:port]]/name }[;key=value...]" but is "jdbc:postgresql://db/keycloakdb" [90046-214] at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:678) at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:477) at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:223) at org.h2.engine.ConnectionInfo.getFormatException(ConnectionInfo.java:687) at org.h2.engine.ConnectionInfo.(ConnectionInfo.java:86) at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcConnection.(JdbcConnection.java:113) at org.h2.jdbcx.JdbcDataSource.getXAConnection(JdbcDataSource.java:322) at io.agroal.pool.ConnectionFactory.createConnection(ConnectionFactory.java:232) at io.agroal.pool.ConnectionPool$CreateConnectionTask.call(ConnectionPool.java:535) at io.agroal.pool.ConnectionPool$CreateConnectionTask.call(ConnectionPool.java:516) at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264) at io.agroal.pool.util.PriorityScheduledExecutor.beforeExecute(PriorityScheduledExecutor.java:75) at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1126) at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628) at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:829) 2022-11-27 04:04:37,179 WARN [io.agroal.pool] (agroal-11) Datasource '': URL format error; must be "jdbc:h2:{ {.|mem:}[name] | [file:]fileName | {tcp|ssl}:[//]server[:port][,server2[:port]]/name }[;key=value...]" but is "jdbc:postgresql://db/keycloakdb" [90046-214] 2022-11-27 04:04:37,794 WARN [org.infinispan.PERSISTENCE] (keycloak-cache-init) ISPN000554: jboss-marshalling is deprecated and planned for removal 2022-11-27 04:04:37,902 WARN [org.infinispan.CONFIG] (keycloak-cache-init) ISPN000569: Unable to persist Infinispan internal caches as no global state enabled 2022-11-27 04:04:37,968 INFO [org.infinispan.CONTAINER] (keycloak-cache-init) ISPN000556: Starting user marshaller 'org.infinispan.jboss.marshalling.core.JBossUserMarshaller' 2022-11-27 04:04:39,018 INFO [org.infinispan.CONTAINER] (keycloak-cache-init) ISPN000128: Infinispan version: Infinispan 'Triskaidekaphobia' 13.0.10.Final 2022-11-27 04:04:39,676 INFO [org.infinispan.CLUSTER] (keycloak-cache-init) ISPN000078: Starting JGroups channel `ISPN` 2022-11-27 04:04:39,680 INFO [org.infinispan.CLUSTER] (keycloak-cache-init) ISPN000088: Unable to use any JGroups configuration mechanisms provided in properties {}. Using default JGroups configuration! 2022-11-27 04:04:40,069 WARN [org.jgroups.protocols.UDP] (keycloak-cache-init) JGRP000015: the send buffer of socket MulticastSocket was set to 1.00MB, but the OS only allocated 212.99KB 2022-11-27 04:04:40,077 WARN [org.jgroups.protocols.UDP] (keycloak-cache-init) JGRP000015: the receive buffer of socket MulticastSocket was set to 20.00MB, but the OS only allocated 212.99KB 2022-11-27 04:04:40,081 WARN [org.jgroups.protocols.UDP] (keycloak-cache-init) JGRP000015: the send buffer of socket MulticastSocket was set to 1.00MB, but the OS only allocated 212.99KB 2022-11-27 04:04:40,085 WARN [org.jgroups.protocols.UDP] (keycloak-cache-init) JGRP000015: the receive buffer of socket MulticastSocket was set to 25.00MB, but the OS only allocated 212.99KB 2022-11-27 04:04:42,144 INFO [org.jgroups.protocols.pbcast.GMS] (keycloak-cache-init) 8bade92da630-55542: no members discovered after 2012 ms: creating cluster as coordinator 2022-11-27 04:04:42,177 INFO [org.infinispan.CLUSTER] (keycloak-cache-init) ISPN000094: Received new cluster view for channel ISPN: [8bade92da630-55542|0] (1) [8bade92da630-55542] 2022-11-27 04:04:42,192 INFO [org.infinispan.CLUSTER] (keycloak-cache-init) ISPN000079: Channel `ISPN` local address is `8bade92da630-55542`, physical addresses are `[172.21.0.3:52221]` 2022-11-27 04:04:44,300 INFO [org.infinispan.CLUSTER] (main) ISPN000080: Disconnecting JGroups channel `ISPN` 2022-11-27 04:04:44,599 ERROR [org.keycloak.quarkus.runtime.cli.ExecutionExceptionHandler] (main) ERROR: Failed to start server in (production) mode 2022-11-27 04:04:44,601 ERROR [org.keycloak.quarkus.runtime.cli.ExecutionExceptionHandler] (main) ERROR: Failed to obtain JDBC connection 2022-11-27 04:04:44,603 ERROR [org.keycloak.quarkus.runtime.cli.ExecutionExceptionHandler] (main) ERROR: URL format error; must be "jdbc:h2:{ {.|mem:}[name] | [file:]fileName | {tcp|ssl}:[//]server[:port][,server2[:port]]/name }[;key=value...]" but is "jdbc:postgresql://db/keycloakdb" [90046-214] 2022-11-27 04:04:44,604 ERROR [org.keycloak.quarkus.runtime.cli.ExecutionExceptionHandler] (main) For more details run the same command passing the '--verbose' option. Also you can use '--help' to see the details about the usage of the particular command. ``` ---
**Author:** ![hsjagadeesh](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/free1/user_avatar/forum.keycloak.org/hsjagadeesh/32/2626_2.png) [@hsjagadeesh](https://forum.keycloak.org/u/hsjagadeesh)\ **Post date:** [December 22, 2022, 6:29am UTC](https://forum.keycloak.org/t/how-should-kc-db-url-be-formatted-for-postgres/18626/2 "2022-12-22T06:29:02Z")
Did you get to solve this? ---
**Author:** ![bpedersen2](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/free1/user_avatar/forum.keycloak.org/bpedersen2/32/3934_2.png) [@bpedersen2](https://forum.keycloak.org/u/bpedersen2)\ **Post date:** [December 22, 2022, 9:20am UTC](https://forum.keycloak.org/t/how-should-kc-db-url-be-formatted-for-postgres/18626/3 "2022-12-22T09:20:53Z")
For latest keycloak start without --optimized would rebuild, so you should - pass --optimzed to start - set KC\_DB=postgress also on the final image, not only in the builder ---
**Author:** ![Lexachoc](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/free1/user_avatar/forum.keycloak.org/lexachoc/32/7381_2.png) [@Lexachoc](https://forum.keycloak.org/u/Lexachoc)\ **Post date:** [January 8, 2023, 9:27pm UTC](https://forum.keycloak.org/t/how-should-kc-db-url-be-formatted-for-postgres/18626/4 "2023-01-08T21:27:16Z")
I also has the same issue with production mode (with https). But it works on dev…(with http) no idea what’s wrong with the KC\_DB\_URL Did anyone solve this error? ---
**Author:** ![zivcex](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/z/2acd7d/32.png) [@zivcex](https://forum.keycloak.org/u/zivcex)\ **Post date:** [February 23, 2023, 8:13pm UTC](https://forum.keycloak.org/t/how-should-kc-db-url-be-formatted-for-postgres/18626/5 "2023-02-23T20:13:28Z")
If you use optimized with start, build first. Otherwise it goes with the embedded H2 db. [Configuring the database - Keycloak](https://www.keycloak.org/server/db#:~:text=Do%20NOT%20use,Configuring%20Keycloak).